Wrench



Jan, 31, 1933. J. MELLING v 1,895,638

WRENCH Filed Nov. 6, 1931 IZ INVENTOR 4. goqO/z '7gg/m7 ATTORNEYS Patented Jan. 31, 1933 UNITED STATES JOSEPH MELLING, OF JACKSON, MICHIGAN Wmaivon:

Application led November unions and the like, it is also well adapted for embodiment in small size wrenches, such for eXample as bottle cap wrenches, canwrenches and the like. In fact, it should beV understood that my improvements are capable of embodiment and desirable for any size wrench. Y

In the accompanying drawing, I have illustrated my improvementl as embodied in a light wrench adapted for removing and afliX- ing the caps or covers of fruit jars, olive bottles, pickle bottles and the like.

The main objects of my invention are to provide an improved wrench which has a wide range'of adjustment and which may be very quickly adjusted to the particular work, either for removing or placing the nut or E1 further object is to provide a wrench of this character which is self-gripping in that it grips tighter as the resistance increases or more force is applied to the wrench.

A still further object is to provide a wrench of this class which is simple in construction,

economical to manufacture, and eflicient in operation. Y

Objects relating to details and economies 'of my invention will appear from the VVdescription to follow. The invention is defined and pointed out in the claims.

1A structure whichis a preferred embodiment of my invention is lillustrated-Vin theaccompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a bottom plan view of a wrench embodying the features vof'my invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary View in side elevation.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary top plan view. Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken on line 4 4 of Figs. 1 yand 3. y j

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section V,taken on line k5--75 of Figs. 2 and 4, a portion of the structure being broken away for purposes of illustration.

Y pivot in an arc approximately 240 ldegrees Referring to the drawing, numeral v1 in vgeneralA indicates the, wrench'ha'n'dle having a grip 2, a head end 3, and an offset 4 therebetween to bring the plane of the grip 2 in the working plane of the jaws 5. A v disk-like vhead member 7 is secured to the head end of the handle rivets 6, the member l7 being positioned so that portions, as8, of the han- 'dle project beyond vthe periphery ofthe head 'A j member. f G0 The head member 7 is provided with pins 10 positioned near its periphery, lone of the rivets 6 being ext-ended to'provide a pin. The pins 10 primarily constitute 'pivots for the jaw arms 11 whichextend outwardly beyond the vperiphery of the head. I

The jaws 5 are rigidly secured to the free ends of the arms and are provided with inwardly facing teeth 12 positioned onv opposite sides of thelongitudinal center of the j arms. A second disk-like head member 13 is carried bythe Pins 10. I i 'y To provide simultaneous movement of the arms 11, a ring` 14 is rotatably mounted at the periphery lof the smaller head' member 7.- This ring is supported between the projecting portions 8 of the Vhandle and the jaw arms 11. The ring 14 carries pins 15 which slidably engage the slot 16 in the arms 11. The result is ,that when one of the arms ll'is swung on 80 itswpivot, the movement is imparted to the 'other arm through the connecting ring. For yiel'dinglyfholding the jaws in one or j the other of their two-initial positions, VI provide a tension spring -17 which is secured to the stud 18 projecting centrally of the head and the stud 19 on one of the arms. Theresult is that the spring acts to hold the jaws in yielding engagementl with thework, both f whenthey'are adjusted for applying an'd're-V 90. moving the cap or nut, as the case maybe. 1 j VIn the embodiment 'illustrated each of the jaw arms is capable of rotating about its The teeth of the jaws are so positioned that i they are effective regardless of the positionv of the arms. This gives the 'wrench a very wide range. l'

In the Yaccompanying drawing I have illustrated my improvements in Vwrenches adapted l@ i ii for lighter work.Y I desire to repeat that my improvements are of advantage in wrenches show theV widerange andadaptability of.

designed for heavy work and I have them in successful operation on very heavy work where each wrench weighs in the neighborhood of thirty pounds'. This is mentioned to myimprovements. I have not, however,

- deemed it necessary to illustrate the various that portions'fof the handle extend .beyond of'said kpins between said .disks and having i diametricallyopposite edges thereof, afplurality of pivot pinssecured to said 'disknear the; periphery thereofv opposite -said handle," 'an' arm .pivoted to each ofsaid pins and havfng alongitudinal slot therein, inwardly fac'- ing jaws carried by the free ends of said arms, a lsecond disk carried by said pivot pins on Vthe outside of said arms, a tensionspring connected to one of said arms and vto a xed part, vaf'ring. rotatably embracing said firstv named disk and disposedybetween saidarms and the extended portions of'said handle,

and guide pins carried by saidringand coacting with said arm slots. i ,e

2. A rench,comprisingconcentric spaced disks of differentdiameter, pins connecting fsa-id disksat intervals around the periphery of the smaller disk, @an arm ypivoted to .each

a free end extending-beyond the periphery of ,the larger disk, lan inwardly facing jaw `carried bythe free end of each arm, a ring rotatably embracing the periphery of the ysmaller vdisk and having aguide pinv for eachlof said arms, each of said arms having a slot slidably engaging oneV guide pin, 'and 'al handle secured to said smaller disk having projecting ends, said ring being' free.to rotate between said handle and said arms.4

. 3. kIn:a.wrench, the combination of va pair of spaced concentrically disposed disks one of whichis smaller than the other,pivot pins extendingr between and carried by said disks disposed adjacent the periphery of the small-V.v

' er disk, longitudinally slotted aw arms `pivotallymounted-on each of said pins between said disks, 'an annular spacing member ro-r ,tatably supported at the peripheryof thek .smaller disk, studs on said spacing member I engaging said lo'ngitudinalfslotsv of said arms, Vinwardly' facing jaws mounted on the outer.V

. `ends offfsaid arms and lprovided with vspaced .teeth` disposed onroppositesides ofthelongitudinal centers of the arm, a handle secured to i one of said disks, and a spring ysecured toone ofsaid arms andacting to collapse' said'arms.

4. In a wrench, thecombination of a pair of spaced Vconcentrically disposed disks one of which is smaller than the other, pivot pins extending between and carried by said disks disposed adjacent the periphery ofthe smaller disk, longitudinally slotted jaw arms pivotally mounted on each of said pinsbetween saiddisks, an annular. spacing member rotatably` supported at the periphery of vthe smaller disk, studs on said spacing member `engaging saicl-.longitudinal. slots of said arms, jaws mounted on the outer ends of said -arms, and a handle secured to one of said disks.

5. In a wrench, theicombination of a pair of spaced disks, pivot pinsextending between 4andjcarried by: said disks, jaw armsl pivotally mounted on said pins between Asaid disks, a rotatably mounted Vv.jawspacing member, studs on saidspacing member engaging said arms, inwardly: facing jaws mountedv onthe `fouter ends of said arms and provided'with vrspaced teethdisposed on opposite sides of the l lon'gitudinalcenters of the arm, ahandle secured'toyone of said disks,.and a spring secured to oneof said arms and acting to col; lapse saidarms., I y

6. A wrench comprising al pair o f spaced head members, pivot pins extending between said head members,.longitudinally slotted javvarms pivotally mounted on said pins between saidhead members to project vbeyond the same, inwardly facing jawsfmounted on the outer-ends offsaid arms, a rotatable spacing member provided with pins engaging the slots of said arms, and a jaw retracting spring connectedto'rone of ysaid arms, Y c e 7'. wrench 'comprising a pair vof spaced head members, pivot pins'extending between said head members, vjaw arms vpivotally v members ton project beyond. the same, inwardly facing jawsmounted onV the outer ends. of said arms, a rotatable spacing. member slidably engaging said arms, yand a jaw retracting spring connectedto o neofl said arms. 1..

A 8p. Al wrench comprising va pair of spaced head members, pivot pinsfeirtending betweenl said*l head, members, longitudinally slotted jaw arms pivotally mounted on said pins bemounted on said pins Vbetweensaid head tween said head members to proj'ect'externally and substantially beyond the same, in-

wardly facing :jaws mountedonfthe outer.

ends .ofsaid arms, kand a. rotatable spacing member provided-with pins l engaging the slots ofy said arms.

i 9. In a wrench, the lcombination of a pair vof spacedfhead members, lspaced pivotpins carriedr by and -extending between vsaid-head i membersdisposed adjacent. fthejperipheries Vthereof, jaw arms `pivotallymounted on Aeach of said pins between each of said head 'inemb'ers, inwardlylfacing' jaws ii'xedto .the free ends of said arms, said jaws'fhavingspaced teeth disposed on opposite sides of the longitudinal centers of said arms, a spacing member for controlling the movement of said arms and a handle secured to one of said head members.

10. A wrench comprising a pair of spaced disk-like head members, one smaller than the other, pivot pins extending between said head members, jaw arms pivotally mounted on said pins between said head members to project beyond the peripheries thereof, jaws mounted on the outer end of said arms, an annular rotatable spacing member slidably engaging said arms, and a jaw retracting spring connected to one of said arms.

11. A wrench comprising a pair of spaced disk-like head members, one smaller than the other, pivot pins extending between said head members, jaw arms pivotally mounted on said pins between said head members to project substantially beyond the peripheries thereof, jaws mounted on the outer ends of said arms, and an annular rotatable spacing member slidably engaging said arms.

12. In a Wrench, the combination of a head member carrying uniformly spaced pivot pins, jaw arms pivotally mounted on said pins and provided with jaws having inwardly facing spaced teeth disposed on opposite sides of the longitudinal centers of the-arms, a rotatable spacing member slidably engaging said arms, and a jaw retracting spring connected to said head and to one of said arms.

13. In a wrench, the combination of a head member carrying uniformly spaced pivot pins, jaw arms pivotally mounted on said pins and provided with aws, a rotatable spacing member slidably engaging said arms, and a jaw retract-ing spring connected to said head and to one of said arms.V

14. In a wrench, the combination of a head member carrying uniformly spaced pivot pins, jaw arms pivotally mounted on said pins and provided with jaws having inwardly facing spaced teeth disposed on opposite sides of the longitudinal centers of the arms, and a rotatable spacing member slidably engaging said arms.

15. In combination with structure of the class described, a pair of parallel discsof unequal diameter concentrically positioned in spaced relation by transverse pins equally spaced apart, slotted arms pivoted at one extremity to each of said pins, a guide ring around the outer circumference of the smaller disc and including transversely projecting pins slidably engaging the slots in said arms, a lever extending diametrically across the outer face of the smaller disc and secured thereto, said lever projecting beyond said smaller disc in each side thereof to retain said guide ring floatingly positioned, and gripping elements supported at the free extremity of each arm and extending beyond the plane of the discs. f

16.V In combination with structure of the class described, a pair of parallel discs of i unequal diameter concentrically positioned in spaced relation by transverse pins equally spaced apart, slotted arms pivoted at one extremity' to each of said pins, a guide ring rotatably supported around the outer circumhand.

JOSEPH MELLING.

y 13o; i 

